Types Of Clavicle Fractures and Their Signs

Clavicle fractures are among the most common types of broken bones; they account for 3% of all fractures. Usually caused by high-impact trauma to the collarbone, a clavicle fracture can be difficult to diagnose in some cases. This article provides information about the different types of this condition and its signs.

What is a Clavicle Fracture?

A clavicle fracture is a fracture in the collarbone, clavicle is also called as beauty bone. The clavicle is the bone that connects the shoulder to the sternum. A clavicle fracture can occur after a fall, direct blow, or other injury to the shoulder.

There are two main types of clavicle fractures: displaced and nondisplaced. In a displaced fracture, the bone is broken into two or more pieces and is not lined up correctly. In a nondisplaced fracture, the bone is cracked but still in alignment. 

Clavicle fractures are classified according to their severity: 

Type I: 

              A hairline crack in the bone 

Type II: 

                   A break in the bone that does not go all the way through 

Type III: 

                 A complete break in the bone

Types of Clavicle Fractures and Signs

There are four main types of clavicle fractures:

1. Mid-shaft fractures: 

                                                     These fractures occur in the middle portion of the clavicle and are the most common type of fracture. Signs include pain at the site of the injury, swelling, bruising, and deformity.

2. End-plate fractures:

                                                     These fractures involve the end portions of the clavicle where it meets the shoulder blade. Signs include pain with movement of the arm, tenderness to touch, and visible deformity.

3. Impacted fractures: 

                                                     These fractures happen when the clavicle is driven into the shoulder blade. They typically occur in young children and signs include severe pain, visible deformity, and difficulty moving the arm.

4. Greenstick fractures: 

                                                          These incomplete fractures usually occur in children and adolescents. The clavicle bends but does not break completely through. Signs include pain and tenderness along the length of the bone, as well as swelling and bruising over the area.

Complications of a Clavicle Fracture

There are several complications that can arise from a clavicle fracture, some of which can be serious. Pain and discomfort are the most common complications, but if the fracture is severe, there can be more serious issues. These include:

- Joint instability:  

                                 If the broken ends of the bone are not properly aligned, it can lead to joint instability. This means that the shoulder joint will be less stable and more likely to dislocate.

- Nerve damage: 

                            The nerves in the area around the clavicle are fragile and can easily be damaged during a fracture. This can lead to numbness, tingling, or weakness in the arm or hand.

- Arterial damage:  

                                The arteries that run through the area of the fracture are also at risk of being damaged. This can lead to loss of sensation or even paralysis in the affected arm or hand.

- Blood loss:

                      A break in one of the major blood vessels near the clavicle can cause significant blood loss. This is a very serious complication and can be life-threatening if not treated quickly.

Treatments for a Clavicle Fracture

There are many different ways to treat a clavicle fracture, depending on the severity of the injury. For instance, if the break is clean and the bone is not displaced, it can be treated with a sling or splint to immobilize the arm and allow the bone to heal. More serious fractures may require surgery to insert screws or plates to hold the bone in place while it heals. In some cases, a metal rod may be necessary.

If you have suffered a clavicle fracture, it is important to consult with a doctor or orthopedic specialist to discuss your treatment options. They will be able to determine the best course of action based on the specific details of your injury.